Mechanical effects of taper angles in implant-abutment connection: a finite element study.

Miho Tokumoto, Tatsuya Matsuzaki, Nobuo Sakai, Ikiru Atsuta, Yasunori Ayukawa

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Article in International journal of implant dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 authors.

Miho TokumotoDivision of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higash-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Tatsuya MatsuzakiDivision of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higash-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. tmatsu@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

Nobuo SakaiMechanical and Control Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-machi, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan.

Ikiru AtsutaDivision of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higash-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Yasunori AyukawaDivision of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higash-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science 25K13107

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo analyze how the taper angle (defined here as the half‑angle per side) influences the mechanics of the implant-abutment connection using finite element analysis.

methodsThree‑dimensional finite element models (implant body, abutment, and screw) with taper angles of 8°, 15°, 18°, and 22° were established in ABAQUS/CAE. All components were modeled as linearly elastic Ti‑6Al‑4 V (E = 110 GPa, ν = 0.35). Frictional contact (μ = 0.3) was assigned at the taper and screw interfaces. A bolt load of 605 N (equivalent to 35 Ncm) was applied and then released to assess the press‑fit retention. Under the maintained preload, 100-N vertical and horizontal loads (unidirectional and bidirectional) were applied for five cycles. The primary outcomes are the abutment axial displacement, implant von Mises stress, bolt load change, and microgap size.

resultsSmaller taper angles (8°, 15°) retained press‑fit after preload release, whereas larger angles (18°, 22°) lost press‑fit contact. As the taper angle decreased, the abutment axial displacement, implant stresses, and bolt load loss increased. The effect of the loading direction follows the order: vertical < horizontal (unidirectional) < horizontal (bidirectional). Microgaps decreased with smaller taper angles and cycling.

conclusionTaper angle differences affect press-fit, abutment axial displacement, screw loosening, stress distribution, and microgap formation.

Indexed as

Dental AbutmentsDental Implant-Abutment DesignDental ImplantsDental Stress AnalysisFinite Element AnalysisStress, MechanicalDental ImplantsAbutment axial displacementDental implantFinite element analysisImplant–abutment connectionMicrogapPreload lossPress-fitStress distributionTaper angle

Identifiers

PMID41543814

DOI10.1186/s40729-025-00660-4

PMCPMC12891310

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.