Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41543329›Full record

SynthesisEnvironmental science & technology2026

Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Liver Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal and Epidemiological Studies.

Roselyn B Tanghal, Emily Beglarian, Arthur Stem, Max Aung, Tanya L Alderete, Alan Ducatman, Vasilis Vasiliou, Rob McConnell, David Conti, Lida Chatzi

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Environmental science & technology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Roselyn B TanghalDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.ORCID 0009-0001-0137-3701
Emily BeglarianDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3578-4437
Arthur StemDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States.
Max AungDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5541-5447
Tanya L AldereteDepartment of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.
Alan DucatmanDepartment of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States.
Vasilis VasiliouDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2552-3118
Rob McConnellDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
David ContiDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.
Lida ChatziDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States.

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES007048 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI ROB S MCCONNELL · 1996 to 2026
$46.4M
SENSORS FOR WATER CONTAMINANT DETECTION AND MONITORINGP42ES033815 · NIEHS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Ying Chen · 2022 to 2026
$9.5M
Southern California Superfund Research and Training Program for PFAS Assessment, Remediation, and Prevention (ShARP)P42ES036506 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Jane Karen Steinberg · 2025 to 2026
$8.2M
Training Grant in Genomic Analysis and InterpretationT32ES013678 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI GAUDERMAN, WILLIAM JAMES, MCCONNELL, ROB S · 2006 to 2023
$5.6M
Effects of DDE exposure on adipose tissue function, weight loss and metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery: A new paradigm for study of lipophilic chemicalsR01ES030364 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CHATZI, VAIA LIDA · 2020 to 2024
$3.2M
Environmental Chemical Exposures and Longitudinal Changes of Glucose Metabolism, Insulin Sensitivity and B Cell Function in YouthR01ES029944 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CHATZI, VAIA LIDA · 2019 to 2023
$3.1M
Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Gut Microbiome and Fecal Metabolome: Implications for Obesity Risk in Hispanic ChildrenR01ES035035 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Tanya Lynn Alderete · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
Longitudinal integration of environmental exposures, omics, and childhood NAFLD (LEON) StudyU01HG013288 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI AUNG, TUN (MAX) M, CHATZI, VAIA LIDA · 2023 to 2025
$2.4M
Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Air Pollutants and the Gut Microbiome: Implications for Brain Development in Early and Mid-ChildhoodR01ES035056 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Tanya Lynn Alderete, BRADLEY S PETERSON · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
Hepatotoxic effects of perfluoroalkyl substances: a new epidemiological approach for studying environmental fatty liver diseaseR01ES030691 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CHATZI, VAIA LIDA · 2020 to 2022
$1.9M
Translational Alcohol Research Program (TARP)T32AA028259 · NIAAA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI COSGROVE, KELLY P., VASILIOU, VASILIS · 2020 to 2024
$1.8M
Accelerating Data and Metadata Standards in the Environmental Health Sciences Study of Emerging Water ContaminantsR24ES036135 · NIEHS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI KEI-HOI CHEUNG · 2024 to 2026
$1.8M
NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG013288NIAAA NIH HHS T32 AA028259NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES007048NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES033815NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES036506NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES029944NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030364NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030691NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES032712NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES035035NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES035056NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES036253NIEHS NIH HHS R24 ES036135NIEHS NIH HHS T32 ES013678
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The global incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer are rising, necessitating research into environmental and lifestyle risk factors. Early onset liver cancer, diagnosed before the age of 50, is becoming prevalent, suggesting the potential influence of emerging environmental exposures. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been linked to liver toxicity in humans and shown to cause hepatotoxic effects in animals, but their role in liver cancer remains unclear. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from animal and epidemiological studies to evaluate associations between PFAS exposure and liver cancer risk. PubMed and Embase were searched through November 2025 for studies on PFAS and liver cancer. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers, and quality was assessed using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines. Twenty-three studies (seven animal, 16 human) met inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on legacy PFAS, primarily perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). Animal studies demonstrated increased liver tumor incidence with high-dose PFAS exposure. Human epidemiological findings were mixed: three studies reported positive associations between PFAS and liver cancer, while others showed null associations.While animal studies strongly suggest hepatocarcinogenic effects of PFAS, epidemiological evidence remains inconsistent. Large, prospective studies with robust exposure assessment are needed to clarify these associations and inform public health policy.

Indexed as

CaprylatesEnvironmental ExposureFluorocarbonsLiver NeoplasmsAlkanesulfonic AcidsAnimalsEnvironmental PollutantsHumansAlkanesulfonic AcidsCaprylatesEnvironmental PollutantsFluorocarbonsperfluorooctanoic acidexperimentalhepatocarcinogenichepatocellularhepatocellular carcinomahumanPFAS

Identifiers

PMID41543329
PMCPMC12875370

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.