Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41542224›Full record

ArticleEClinicalMedicine2026

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis in patients with glioma receiving concurrent chemoradiation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jason L Jia, Bader Alshamsan, Ana Beltran-Bless, Megan MacRae, Foster Rose, Jennifer Leigh, Deepro Chowdhury, Francesco Fazzari, Victor Lo, Shing Fung Lee and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and prophylaxis in patients with solid tumours: a narrative review.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jason L JiaDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Bader AlshamsanDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Ana Beltran-BlessDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Megan MacRaeQueen's University Faculty of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Foster RoseDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Jennifer LeighDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Deepro ChowdhuryDivision of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Francesco FazzariUniversity of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Victor LoDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Shing Fung LeeDepartment of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore.
Terry L NgDepartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Routine antibiotic prophylaxis against Methods: We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42021292396) of studies reporting PJP incidence among glioma patients treated with TMZ-RT. MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to May 1, 2025. Outcomes included overall PJP incidence and rates stratified by prophylaxis, corticosteroid exposure, and lymphopenia. Findings: Of 3791 records, 35 studies (13,637 patients, 12,301 received TMZ-RT) met eligibility criteria. Across 24 studies confirming PJP, 71 cases occurred among 12,056 TMZ-RT patients-a pooled incidence of 0.74% (95% CI, 0.59-0.93%) with minimal heterogeneity (Q = 23.3, p = 0.44; I Interpretation: Across heterogeneous populations and study designs, the pooled PJP incidence associated with TMZ-RT was 0.74% (95% CI, 0.59-0.93%). Due to the heterogeneity in study populations and designs, lack of standardized diagnostic confirmation, and incomplete reporting of steroid administration, this finding should be interpreted with caution. Currently available evidence suggests the risk of PJP is lower than the commonly cited 3.5% threshold for prophylaxis. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to clarify true infection risk and inform prophylaxis decisions. Funding: The Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University provided financial support for the article processing charge (APC) of this manuscript.

Indexed as

Antibiotic prophylaxisBrain cancerGliomaPneumocystis jirovecii pneumoniaTemozolomide

Identifiers

PMID41542224
PMCPMC12803824

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.