ArticleJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences2025
Effects of
Article in Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: Tooth relapse occurs after orthodontic treatment. Bioactive chemicals in Methods: Sixteen male Wistar rats underwent orthodontic tooth movement of the left maxillary first molar using a 10 g nickel-titanium closed-coil spring for 14 days, followed by a 7-day retention phase. Rats were divided into two groups (n = 8): phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and HS-CE. During retention and the subsequent 7- and 14-day relapse phases, each group received daily intrasulcular applications of PBS or HS-CE (0.01 mL). Relapse distance was measured as the percentage return of tooth movement relative to initial separation. Four animals per group were euthanized at each time point, and maxillary tissues were processed for histological evaluation of woven bone and immunohistochemical staining of IL-10 and TNF-α. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and independent samples Results: HS-CE significantly reduced relapse distance at days 7 and 14 ( Conclusions: HS-CE enhanced IL-10 expression, suppressed TNF-α, increased woven bone formation, and reduced the relapse distance, highlighting its potential as a natural adjuvant to improve post-treatment stability.
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