ArticleMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2026
IRES-based RNAs expressing co-stimulatory molecules: Promising candidates for cancer immunotherapy.
Article in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Optimizing co-stimulatory signaling to enhance T cell responses is central to effective antitumor immunity. In this study, we developed single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) utilizing the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) to express OX40L, 4-1BBL, and ICOSL and evaluated their efficacy. Co-culture of splenocytes with tumor cells transfected with these ssRNAs resulted in increased cytokine production and proliferation, along with altered T helper (Th) subsets.
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