Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41540470›Full record

ArticleBMC surgery2026

Endoscopic variceal ligation versus sclerotherapy in patients with gastric variceal bleed.

Dandan Liu, Xiaohan Jiang, Yanyan Shao, Xun Yin, Zitong Min, Zhiguo Guo

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Dandan LiuDepartment of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, 234000, China.
Xiaohan JiangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, 234000, China.
Yanyan ShaoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, 234000, China.
Xun YinDepartment of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, 234000, China.
Zitong MinSchool of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Zhiguo GuoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Yongqiao District, Suzhou City, Anhui Province, 234000, China. m1234512024@163.com.

Funding

the provincial financial support project of the National Health Commission project AHWJ2023A30100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and determinants of rebleeding in patients with gastric variceal bleeding undergoing Endoscopic Variceal Ligation (EVL) and Sclerotherapy (EST).

methodsA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on patients with gastric variceal bleeding treated with EVL or EST between January 2018 and January 2020. Data were collected from hospital records, including patient demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory results, endoscopic findings, and treatment outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the efficacy, complications, and rebleeding rates between the two treatment groups.

resultsA total of 70 patients were included, with 35 patients in each treatment group (EVL and EST). The baseline characteristics, including etiology of cirrhosis and clinical presentation, were comparable between the groups. Both EVL and EST showed 80% efficacy in controlling initial bleeding. However, long-term rebleeding rates were significantly higher in the EST group (34.3%) compared to the EVL group (11.4%). Factors such as lower RBC and Hb levels, higher bilirubin and AST levels, and prolonged PT and INR were significantly associated with rebleeding in both groups.

conclusionsBoth EVL and EST are effective in managing acute gastric variceal bleeding. However, EVL may offer better long-term outcomes in terms of rebleeding rates.

trial registrationNot applicable.

Indexed as

Esophageal and Gastric VaricesGastrointestinal HemorrhageSclerotherapyAdultAgedFemaleHumansLigationMaleMiddle AgedRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeEndoscopic variceal ligationGastric varicesLiver cirrhosisSclerotherapyVariceal bleeding

Identifiers

PMID41540470
PMCPMC12892662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.