Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41540294›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2026

HPMC Substitution Influences the Buoyancy and Release in Gastroretentive Floating Tablets.

Li Ying Kam, Jia Woei Wong, Kah Hay Yuen

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Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Li Ying KamSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5677-537X
Jia Woei WongSchool of Pharmacy, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4209-196X
Kah Hay YuenSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia. khyuen@usm.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-7629

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many compounds with high aqueous solubility, limited absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract, poor oral bioavailability, and pH-dependent chemical stability can benefit from sustained and gastric-specific delivery systems to improve oral absorption. Intragastric floating systems represent a promising strategy to address these challenges. However, their use is limited by factors such as long floating lag time (FLT), the reliance on high viscosity hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), complex formulations and non-biocompatible excipients. In this study, floating tablets were developed using different grades of HPMC, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose and a gas generating agent. The effects of formulation variables on the in vitro drug release, floating behavior, release mechanism and physical properties were evaluated. High viscosity HPMC 2208, when used as the predominant polymer, provided sustained drug release for up to 12 h. However, it exhibited an excessively long FLT (> 6 min), increasing the risk of premature gastric expulsion which could lead to incomplete absorption and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Incorporation of HPMC 2910 and increasing its proportion within the matrix gradually reduced FLT, enabling faster buoyancy while preserving sustained release characteristics. FLT could also be optimized by fine-tuning the content of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO

Indexed as

Hypromellose DerivativesTabletsAdministration, OralAlginatesBiological AvailabilityCarboxymethylcellulose SodiumChemistry, PharmaceuticalDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationExcipientsGastric MucosaGlucuronic AcidHexuronic AcidsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPolymersAlginatesCarboxymethylcellulose SodiumDelayed-Action PreparationsExcipientsGlucuronic AcidHexuronic AcidsHypromellose DerivativesPolymersSodium BicarbonateTabletsfloating tabletgastroretentivehigh aqueous soluble compoundsHPMC matrixsustained release

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.