Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41540005›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Cluster level entropy enhancement in neutral acetate electrolytes enables economical and durable zinc air batteries.

Weinan Zhao, Yi Wang, Hossein Mashhadimoslem, Ning Zhu, Peyman Karimi, Zuankai Wang, Ali Elkamel, Zhongchao Tan, Aiping Yu, Zhongwei Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Weinan ZhaoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Yi WangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0617-1542
Hossein MashhadimoslemDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Ning ZhuCanadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2633-9956
Peyman KarimiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2936-7458
Zuankai WangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3510-1122
Ali ElkamelDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Zhongchao TanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. ztan@eitech.edu.cn.
Aiping YuDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. aipingyu@uwaterloo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-7537
Zhongwei ChenDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. zhwchen@uwaterloo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3463-5509

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neutral zinc-air batteries provide a viable alternative to alkaline systems by avoiding salt creep and carbonate passivation. Among candidate electrolytes, acetate-based formulations are particularly attractive for their low cost, sustainability, and compatibility with ambient-air operation. However, their widespread adoption is limited by a trade-off between two concentration regimes. Dilute electrolytes trigger side reactions and lack ionic strength, while concentrated ones suffer from kinetic limitations due to contact ion pair clustering. Here, we propose a cluster-level entropy enhancement strategy that optimizes the mesoscopic configuration of the electrolyte by disrupting large clusters in concentrated acetate electrolytes. This entropy enhancement improves zinc ion diffusivity and kinetics, mitigates interfacial concentration gradients, and maintains local ionic strength for fast electrochemical reactions, as evidenced by various synchrotron X-ray techniques and theoretical simulations. Consequently, the zinc-air batteries in neutral electrolyte deliver over 1800 hours at 0.1 mA cm

Identifiers

PMID41540005
PMCPMC12808695

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.