Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41538788›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2026

Enhancing Cognitive Functions in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment via Virtual Sail 3D: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.

Federica Sancassiani, Alessandra Perra, Veronica Vacca, Roberta Montisci, Mariarita Monni, Stefano Lorrai, Giulia Cossu, Donatella Rita Petretto, Lorenzo di Natale, Diego Primavera and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06579378 (Virtual Sail 3D - A Feasibility Study for Enhancing Cognitive Functions in Elderly People), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06579378 narecruitingnot on this map

Virtual Sail 3D - A Feasibility Study for Enhancing Cognitive Functions in Elderly People

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of CagliariRan2024 to 2025Enrolled40ConditionsMild Cognitive ImpairmentArmsVSail 3D, WEB-Health
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Federica SancassianiDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7963-5281
Alessandra PerraDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5791-1655
Veronica VaccaUniversity Hospital of Cagliari (AOU Cagliari), Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-2536-642X
Roberta MontisciDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7218-6751
Mariarita MonniUniversity Hospital of Cagliari (AOU Cagliari), Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0009-0005-3524-0834
Stefano LorraiDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3198-3463
Giulia CossuDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1245-016X
Donatella Rita PetrettoDepartment of Pedagogy, Psychology and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4471-7332
Lorenzo di NataleCerebrum VR Society, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6413-7637
Diego PrimaveraDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-6335-003X
Stefania RedolfiDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-4865-8222
Angelo ScuteriDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4784-5441
Antonio Egidio NardiLaboratory of Panic and Respiration-IPUB, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2152-4669
Goce KalcevUniversity Hospital of Cagliari (AOU Cagliari), Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0351-6577
Massimiliano PauDepartment of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9835-3629
Mauro Giovanni CartaDepartment of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0706-9687

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInnovative approaches, such as virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive rehabilitation, are becoming essential to healthy aging.

objectiveThis study aims to evaluate the feasibility and generate preliminary evidence regarding the effectiveness of an immersive VR-based cognitive remediation intervention for older individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

methodsA total of 40 individuals aged 65 years and older, of both genders with MCI, will be recruited and randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. The experimental group will participate in a 6-week VR-based cognitive remediation program, while the control group will receive healthy lifestyle education. Feasibility will be assessed through measures, including dropout rates, side effects, and satisfaction with the program. Preliminary effectiveness will be evaluated using assessments of cognitive functions, quality of life, functional mobility, depression and anxiety symptoms, regulation of social and biological rhythms, body awareness, and physical activity levels.

resultsRecruitment began in May 2024 and is expected to conclude by November 2025; to date, 153 participants have been recruited and screened, with 39 enrolled. Preliminary analyses are planned for January 2026 and follow-up analyses for January 2027.

conclusionsThis trial will provide insights into the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a VR-based intervention for older adults with MCI, with implications for its integration into preventive and rehabilitative care.

trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov NCT06579378; https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?term=NCT06579378. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/85089.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive DysfunctionCognitive RemediationVirtual RealityAgedAged, 80 and overFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMaleQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicagingcognitive functionsemerging technologiesfeasibilitymild cognitive impairmentSailvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID41538788
PMCPMC12856399

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.