ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026
Hemoglobin glycation index predicts mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage: a nonlinear threshold effect.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rethinking HGI thresholds.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HGI), integrating acute and chronic glycemic dysregulation, may reflect metabolic state in critical illness. We aimed to evaluate whether HGI predicts 30-day mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients and identify potential threshold effects.
methodsWe analyzed 1351 ICH patients from the MIMIC-IV database. HGI was calculated as the difference between observed and predicted hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), derived from admission glucose. Patients were stratified into HGI quartiles (Q1-Q4). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality, assessed using Cox regression models adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and severity scores. Nonlinear relationships were evaluated with restricted cubic splines and threshold effect analysis.
resultsThe cohort exhibited a nonlinear, L-shaped association between HGI and mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.0008). Compared to Q4 (highest HGI), Q1 (lowest HGI) had a 53% higher mortality risk (adjusted HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.32-0.68, P < 0.001). A threshold effect was identified at HGI = 0.78: below this value, each unit increase in HGI reduced mortality by 24% (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.68-0.85, P < 0.001), while no significant association existed above it (HR 1.11, P = 0.319). Subgroup analyses confirmed robustness across age, diabetes status, and neurological severity, with a pronounced protective effect in males (P for interaction = 0.038).
conclusionsLow HGI independently predicts increased 30-day mortality in ICH, with a critical threshold at 0.78. HGI may represent a potential biomarker for metabolic risk stratification in neurocritical care, offering insights beyond conventional glycemic metrics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41537914What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.