Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41537778›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2026

Identification of a genetic risk factor for metformin-induced vitamin B

Faye D Baldwin, Khaled F Bedair, Andrea L Jorgensen, Lewis Green, Innocent G Asiimwe, Colin N A Palmer, Archie Campbell, Caroline Hayward, Qing Pan, Shiyu Shu and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Faye D BaldwinDepartment of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9425-791X
Khaled F BedairDivision of Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-8110
Andrea L JorgensenDepartment of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6977-9337
Lewis GreenDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5792-5408
Innocent G AsiimweDepartment of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1196-1822
Colin N A PalmerDivision of Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6415-6560
Archie CampbellCentre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-5078
Caroline HaywardCentre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-9550
Qing PanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University Biostatistics Canter, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-0490
Shiyu ShuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University Biostatistics Canter, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-6453
Josephine H LiCenter for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-0914
Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group
Ewan R PearsonDivision of Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9237-8585
Munir PirmohamedDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7534-7266
Daniel F CarrDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. d.carr@liverpool.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8028-4282

Funding

Elucidating the pharmacogenetics of the response to GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetesK23DK131345 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Josephine H Li · 2022 to 2026
$953k
Medical Research Council MR/V033867/1NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK131345
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisMetformin, a mainstay of treatment for type 2 diabetes, can cause vitamin B

methodsIndividuals with metformin-induced vitamin B

resultsAnalysis identified a genome-wide significant non-synonymous SNP in the cubilin gene (CUBN, rs1801222/p.S253F) associated with metformin-induced vitamin B CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationThe observed genetic association suggests that the rs180122 genotype should be considered a significant risk factor for metformin-induced vitamin B

Indexed as

Hypoglycemic AgentsMetforminVitamin B 12 DeficiencyAgedCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideReceptors, Cell SurfaceRisk FactorsHypoglycemic Agentsintrinsic factor-cobalamin receptorMetforminReceptors, Cell SurfaceCobalamin deficiencyGenome-wide association studyMetforminType 2 diabetesVitamin B12 deficiency

Identifiers

PMID41537778
PMCPMC12957035

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Texttitle and abstract
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.