ReviewRSC advances2026
Unlocking toughness in 3D-printed cement through bio-inspired designs: current status and future perspectives.
Review in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A Meso-Scale Computational Framework for Predicting Fracture Mechanisms in 3D-Printed Bouligand Cementitious Metamaterials.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To address the intrinsic brittleness of conventional cementitious materials, researchers have drawn inspiration from natural biological structures to develop advanced bio-inspired cementitious composites through three-dimensional (3D) printing. This approach exploits additive manufacturing to replicate natural architectures-such as the "brick-and-mortar" structure of nacre-by precisely organizing hard cementitious and soft polymeric phases across multiple scales. As a result, novel composites exhibiting a synergistic combination of high strength and toughness have been achieved. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in this interdisciplinary field, emphasizing four key aspects: the composition and structure of bio-inspired materials; the design principles and fabrication methods for bio-inspired cementitious materials; bio-inspired toughening strategies and their associated mechanical models; and the integration of bio-inspired concepts with 3D printing technology. The interrelationships among these topics, key scientific challenges, and state-of-the-art developments are discussed in depth. Finally, this work highlights the remaining obstacles for engineering applications and provides a forward-looking perspective on future research directions.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.