Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41535960›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2026

Effect of functional electrical stimulation on maximum joint angles and gait asymmetry in female athletes post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when crossing obstacles.

I-Lin Wang, Fei-Fei Lu, Si-Min Lian, Lijuan Chang, Yi-Ming Chen

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

I-Lin WangSchool of Physical Education, Liupanshui Normal University, LiupanshuiGuizhou, 553004, China.
Fei-Fei LuSchool of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.
Si-Min LianGraduate Institute, Jilin Sport University, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
Lijuan ChangSchool of Physical Education, Liupanshui Normal University, LiupanshuiGuizhou, 553004, China.
Yi-Ming ChenDepartment of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan. 155429@mail.fju.edu.tw.

Funding

First-class undergraduate professional construction project approve LPSSYylzy2301National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan NSTC 114-2320-B-030 -002 -
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFunctional electrical stimulation (FES) can effectively stimulate muscle contraction and has shown great potential in improving human motor function. Female athletes post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (post-ACLR) have pervasive bilateral asymmetries. Moreover, asymmetric gait is often considered one of the risk factors for falls.

methodsTwenty female athletes post-ACLR were divided into the FES group and the control (CON) group to cross different obstacle heights [(30%, 20%, and 10% of the leg length (LL)]. The two-way repeated analysis of variance was employed to examine the effects between groups and heights, as well as Bonferroni post-hoc comparison and an independent samples t-test.

resultsThe FES group exhibited significantly decreased maximum hip joint angles (P < 0.001–0.001), knee joint angles (P < 0.001–0.008), swing time (P < 0.001–0.048), gait asymmetry (GA; P < 0.001–0.048), stance time GA (P < 0.001–0.029), and swing/stance time GA (P < 0.001) compared to the CON group when crossing obstacles at 30% and 20% LL, Furthermore, the step length was shorter in the FES group when crossing 30% LL obstacles (P < 0.001).

conclusionsThis study indicated that FES intervention effectively reduces bilateral asymmetry in spatiotemporal gait parameters and enhances lower neuromuscular control ability in female athletes with post-ACLR when crossing obstacles at 20% and 30% of LL.

trial registrationThis trial was prospectively registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100053942) on 04/12/2024.

Indexed as

Asymmetric gaitLower limb kinematicsMuscle contractionNeuromuscular stimulationObstacle crossing

Identifiers

PMID41535960
PMCPMC12997917

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.