Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41535777›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2026

Chloroplast genome sequencing in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) and comparative analysis with other legumes.

Nikhil Kumar Singh, Binay K Singh, Anupama Gidhi, Harsha Srivastava, Avinash Pandey, Sudhir Kumar, A Pattanayak, V P Bhadana, Sujay Rakshit, Kishor U Tribhuvan

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nikhil Kumar Singh *ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
Binay K Singh *ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
Anupama GidhiICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
Harsha SrivastavaICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110 012, Delhi, India.
Avinash PandeyICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
Sudhir KumarICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
A PattanayakICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
V P BhadanaICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
Sujay RakshitICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India.
Kishor U TribhuvanICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834 003, India. kish.tribhuwan@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) is a fast-growing, underutilized legume adapted to hot and humid regions and valued for its high nutritional content and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, making it suitable for crop rotation and intercropping systems. In this study, we generated high-coverage short-read sequencing data and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of winged bean. The plastome is 151,571 bp in length and comprises 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs, organized in a typical quadripartite structure. We identified 84 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), two compound SSRs, and 15 variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs). Comparative analyses with representative legume plastomes revealed strong clade-wise conservation of genome organization, gene content, and GC composition, together with localized variation at IR–SSC junctions consistent with plastome isomerism rather than fixed structural rearrangements. Phylogenomic reconstruction based on complete chloroplast gene sets robustly placed P. tetragonolobus within the Phaseoleae (Millettioid) lineage, consistent with current legume systematics. Molecular evolutionary analyses indicated pervasive purifying selection across chloroplast protein-coding genes, with limited relaxation of constraint in a small subset of loci, while codon usage patterns showed a pronounced A/U-ending bias typical of legume plastomes. Overall, this study provides the first complete chloroplast genome resource for winged bean and supports future comparative genomics, evolutionary studies, and crop improvement in legumes.

Indexed as

FabaceaeGenome, ChloroplastEvolution, MolecularMicrosatellite RepeatsPhylogenySequence Analysis, DNAChloroplast genomeCodon usage biasPhylogenomicsPlastome evolutionPsophocarpus tetragonolobus

Identifiers

PMID41535777
PMCPMC12888594

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.