Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41535391›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Novel optical measurement technique for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using Scattered Light Integrating Collector (SLIC).

Marianna Leite de Avellar, Hassan Hafeez, Robert Hammond, Ifor D W Samuel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Marianna Leite de AvellarDivision of Infection and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Hassan HafeezOrganic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Robert HammondDivision of Infection and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK. rjhh@st-andrews.ac.uk.
Ifor D W SamuelOrganic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK. idws@st-andrews.ac.uk.

Funding

EPSRC EP/R035164/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advancing new treatment modalities for microbial infections is a priority, given the threat of antimicrobial resistance. Current work includes the development of new non-traditional treatments, including antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Improvements in the field include innovative technologies that allow screening and optimization of the treatment. In this work it is shown how the Scattered Light Integrating Collector, a novel technology that optically measures bacterial growth in real time, can be used for rapid screening of aPDT using Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) as the light source. This technology allows rapid screening of different concentrations of the photosensitizer and real-time observation of the effect of aPDT on Staphylococcus aureus. Evaluation of aPDT efficacy using methylene blue and OLEDs as the light source showed significant inhibition of the growth of S. aureus (3.06, 3.80, 4.24, 4.98 and 4.84 log

Indexed as

PhotochemotherapyPhotosensitizing AgentsStaphylococcus aureusLightMethylene BlueMethylene BluePhotosensitizing AgentsAntimicrobial resistanceOrganic light-emitting diodesPDT

Identifiers

PMID41535391
PMCPMC12855195

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.