Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41535126›Full record

ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2026

Pregnancy Decision-Making Among Women With Physical Disabilities: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Claire Z Kalpakjian, Susan D Ernst, Heidi J Haapala, Melissa L Barber, Brittany R Orians, Lukonde Mulenga, Shannen M McIntosh, Julia Shah, Jodi M Kreschmer, Rebecca Parten and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Pregnancy Outcomes Among Individuals With Cerebral Palsy: A Population-Based Cohort Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Claire Z KalpakjianDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6652-1245
Susan D ErnstDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Heidi J HaapalaDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Melissa L BarberDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Brittany R OriansDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Lukonde MulengaDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Shannen M McIntoshDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Julia ShahDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jodi M KreschmerDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Rebecca PartenDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Sara RosenblumDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Gina M JayDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Funding

Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (MICHR)UL1TR002240 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LUMENG, JULIE C, MASHOUR, GEORGE ALEXANDER · 2017 to 2022
$54.9M
Decision Making, Disability & Pregnancy: Content Development of a Pregnancy Decision Making Tool for Women with Physical DisabilitiesR21HD092526 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI KALPAKJIAN, CLAIRE ZABELLE · 2018 to 2019
$427k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002240NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD092526the U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NIH/NCATS) UL1TR002240U.S. National Institutes of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUnderstand the pregnancy informational needs and decision-making of women with physical disabilities.

designCross-sectional.

settingCommunity. SAMPLE: 114 adult American women with physical disabilities who had experience making a decision about pregnancy while disabled.

methodsOnline survey.

main outcome measuresPregnancy information needs and decision-making survey.

resultsAmong the most important factors (very much-quite a bit) for decision-making were risks to the baby (72.8%) and themselves (58.7%), happiness of their partner (65.8%), and long-term effects of pregnancy on health (58.8%). Most had the least (not at all-a little bit) knowledge about equipment to care for an infant (57.9%), how to adapt as their body changed (54.4%), or ways to care for their infant (53.5%). Most had some to a lot of confidence (66.7%) in healthcare providers' recommendations but were highly variable about how much their individual concerns were understood. Important information (very much-quite a bit) included other health problems (92.5%), caring for an infant (94.2%), medications (88.4%), ambulation (78.5%), balance problems (82.6%), and spasticity (68.2%); this information was often difficult to find and unhelpful. Others were helpful when engaging in realistic discussions, being emotionally supportive, and providing financial and physical support. Healthcare providers were supportive when setting realistic expectations, providing non-biased information, discussing risks, providing reassurance, and collaborating with other specialists.

conclusionsWhile pregnancy decision-making was challenging, participants had realistic concerns, often amplified by their disability and disability-related concerns. These results highlight areas where interventions can be developed to improve the experience of pregnancy decision-making.

Indexed as

Decision MakingPersons with DisabilitiesPregnancy ComplicationsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansPregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesYoung Adultdecision‐makinghealth disparitiesphysical disabilitypregnancysurveywomen's health

Identifiers

PMID41535126
PMCPMC12853368

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.