Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41533235›Full record

ArticleQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2026

Caregiver-reported quality of life in individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and other severe neurodevelopmental encephalopathies.

Natasha N Ludwig, Melissa K Licari, Mary Wojnaroski, Gabrielle Conecker, JayEtta Hecker, Rebecca Hommer, Kelly Muzyczka, Peter Jacoby, Jenny Downs

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. From QI-disability to QID-12: creating a brief proxy-report measure of quality of life for children with intellectual disability.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Natasha N LudwigKennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Center for Neuropsychological and Psychological Assessment/Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-7267
Melissa K LicariThe Kids Research Institute Australia, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-5323
Mary WojnaroskiDepartment of Psychology/Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-5595-0419
Gabrielle ConeckerThe Inchstone Project, Decoding Developmental Epilepsies, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3274-0292
JayEtta HeckerThe Inchstone Project, Decoding Developmental Epilepsies, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-2704-5044
Rebecca HommerConnections Beyond Sight and Sound Maryland & DC DeafBlind Project, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-4800-6182
Kelly MuzyczkaThe Inchstone Project, Decoding Developmental Epilepsies, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5307-0692
Peter JacobyThe Kids Research Institute Australia, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5092-7697
Jenny DownsThe Kids Research Institute Australia, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia. Jenny.Downs@thekids.org.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7358-9037

Funding

Measuring Responsivity in Individuals with Profound Intellectual DisabilityK23HD115865 · NICHD · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI Natasha Ludwig · 2024 to 2026
$511k
NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD115865
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeInformation on factors contributing to quality of life (QOL) informs meaningful patient-centred care. We evaluated factors influencing QOL in individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) and other severe neurodevelopmental encephalopathy conditions using hypothesis-free regression tree analysis.

methodsA questionnaire was completed by 242 caregivers of individuals two years or older. QOL was measured using the Quality of Life Inventory-Disability (QI-Disability). Independent variables described health, functional abilities and daily activities. The R package rpart was used to build the regression trees to explore the most influential factors associated with QOL.

resultsMedian age was 8.8y (interquartile range 4.6-14.9 y). Mean total QI-Disability score was 60.2 ± 14.1 out of a total possible score of 100. The subgroup with the lowest QOL scores comprised individuals with low (raw score < 4) cognition scores measured with the Developmental Profile-4 (n = 52, mean score 46.4) whereas higher QOL scores were achieved by individuals with higher cognition scores and capacity to engage actively when using a touchscreen (n = 123, mean score 67.5).

conclusionRegression tree analysis suggests that cognition and use of touchscreens were important factors for QOL. Findings suggest small neurodevelopmental and functional gains may meaningfully improve quality of life for individuals with severe neurodevelopmental encephalopathy.

Indexed as

Brain DiseasesCaregiversEpilepsyNeurodevelopmental DisordersQuality of LifeActivities of Daily LivingAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathyFunctional abilitiesParticipationQuality of lifeRegression trees

Identifiers

PMID41533235
PMCPMC12804316

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.