Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41532509›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

A Modular Vaccine Platform Against SARS-CoV-2 Based on Self-Assembled Protein Nanoparticles.

Seojung Lee, Yejin Jang, Yujin Kim, Yumi Shin, Ji-Joon Song, Meehyein Kim, Sangyong Jon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. A Modular Vaccine Platform Against SARS-CoV-2 Based on Self-Assembled Protein Nanoparticles.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Seojung LeeDepartment of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Yejin JangInfectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Yujin KimDepartment of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Yumi ShinDepartment of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Ji-Joon SongDepartment of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Meehyein KimInfectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Sangyong JonDepartment of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6971-586X

Funding

Korea government RS-2018-NR030951Korea government RS-2022-NR067905Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology KK2532-30National Research Foundation of Korea
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the urgent need for deployable vaccine platforms capable of rapidly responding to emerging and re-emerging variants of human coronaviruses. BP26, an outer membrane protein of the zoonotic bacterium Brucella, self-assembles into a highly ordered, barrel-like nanoparticle that can serve as a vaccine platform, demonstrating immunogenicity against the influenza virus and cancer when combined with specific antigens. Here, we expanded its versatility by incorporating the SpyTag/SpyCatcher pair, enabling modular and site-specific antigen conjugation via simple mixing. SpyCatcher was genetically fused to BP26, and SpyTag to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein, generating RBD-displaying BP26 nanoparticles (BP26-RBD). Immunization of mice with BP26-RBD elicited strong RBD-specific and neutralizing antibody responses and conferred protection against lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge. This plug-and-play nanoparticle design supports antigen production in diverse expression systems, retains antigenic structure, and allows multivalent display, providing a cost-effective and rapidly adaptable strategy for next-generation vaccines targeting evolving viral threats.

Indexed as

Bacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesNanoparticlesSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAnimalsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralFemaleHumansMiceNanovaccinesProtein Subunit VaccinesAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsCOVID-19 VaccinesNanovaccinesProtein Subunit VaccinesSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2brucellar bp26prophylactic vaccineprotein nanoparticlessars‐cov‐2spytag/spycatcher

Identifiers

PMID41532509
PMCPMC12915080

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.