Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41532181›Full record

ArticleSmall methods2026

Beyond the Hype: Decoding Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide Chemistry in Advanced Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Asier Soria-Fernández, Julen Castillo, Rosalía Cid, Ziyu Song, Hao Wu, Daniel Carriazo, Michel Armand, Heng Zhang, Alexander Santiago

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Small methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Asier Soria-FernándezCentre For Cooperative Research On Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8369-0679
Julen CastilloCentre For Cooperative Research On Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7629-8788
Rosalía CidCentre For Cooperative Research On Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-2932
Ziyu SongKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry For Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3969-2629
Hao WuKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry For Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4247-3311
Daniel CarriazoCentre For Cooperative Research On Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-9792
Michel ArmandCentre For Cooperative Research On Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-9233
Heng ZhangKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry For Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8811-6336
Alexander SantiagoCentre For Cooperative Research On Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1267-4224

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2020kfyXJJS095Gobierno Vasco Elkartek2025(KK2025-00054)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades PID2024-162597OB-I00National Natural Science Foundation of China 22279037National Natural Science Foundation of China 52203223
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to their high theoretical energy density and cost-effective active material. However, challenges such as polysulfide shuttling and lithium metal instability hinder their practical deployment. To tackle these challenges, in this study, we delve into the critical impacts of salt anion in the electrochemical performance of LSBs, focusing on a family of localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) comprising two prevalent anions [i.e., lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)]. While higher LiFSI content enhances ionic conductivity, SEI formation, and lithium metal compatibility, it also reduces sulfur utilization due to side reactions with long-chain polysulfides. Post-mortem analyses confirm the formation of insulating species in high-LiFSI formulations. An optimal electrolyte composition with 0.2 m LiFSI as co-salt offers excellent electrochemical performance, achieving enhanced lithium protection and stabilized sulfur redox reactions. These findings reveal the coordination-dependent, double-edged nature of LiFSI and provide key insights for electrolyte design in high-performance LSBs.

Indexed as

LiFSIlithium metal anodelithium‐sulfur batterieslocalized high‐concentration electrolytessolid electrolyte interphase

Identifiers

PMID41532181
PMCPMC12893311

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.