ArticleResearch (Washington, D.C.)2026
Programmable Macrophage Mimics for Inflammatory Meniscus Regeneration via Nanotherapy.
Article in Research (Washington, D.C.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Advances in immunomodulatory strategies for meniscal regeneration].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Review
- Toxicity of orally administrated biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles in mice.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Meniscal injuries are common in the knee joint. Minor meniscal injuries usually respond well to conservative treatment, while severe cases often require complete meniscal replacement. Meniscal injuries cause inflammatory responses that importantly hinder meniscal tissue regeneration. Despite ongoing advances in research, considerable breakthroughs in meniscal regeneration remain out of reach. This study introduces programmable macrophage mimics (PMMs), which enable sequential regulation from anti-inflammatory responses to meniscal fibrocartilage regeneration. PMMs were prepared by encapsulating the transforming growth factor-β3 and insulin-like growth factor-1 growth factors within mesoporous silica nanoparticles modified with branched polyethyleneimine via disulfide bonding. This design allows the initial adsorption of proinflammatory cytokines followed by the controlled release of growth factors that promote adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) differentiation into fibrochondrocytes. The PMMs were integrated into meniscus-specific acellular matrix hydrogels (mGC), which provided suitable mechanical properties critical for effective regeneration. In rabbit osteoarthritis models, ADSC-loaded PMMs@mGC hydrogels showed marked fibrocartilage regeneration. Additionally, the team developed an advanced biofabrication approach that combines a 3-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone framework designed for total meniscus replacement. This research suggests that PMMs act as a bifunctional "core-shell" nano-delivery system, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for managing inflammatory meniscal conditions.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.