Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41531751›Full record

ArticleBeilstein journal of nanotechnology2026

Subdigital integumentary microstructure in

Philipp Ginal, Yannick Ecker, Timothy Higham, L Lee Grismer, Benjamin Wipfler, Dennis Rödder, Anthony Russell, Jendrian Riedel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Beilstein journal of nanotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Philipp GinalLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change - Museum Koenig Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-554X
Yannick EckerLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change - Museum Koenig Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Timothy HighamDepartment of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-6671
L Lee GrismerDepartment of Biology, La Sierra University, Riverside, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-3698
Benjamin WipflerLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change - Museum Koenig Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Dennis RödderLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change - Museum Koenig Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-1639
Anthony RussellDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6659-6765
Jendrian RiedelLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change - Museum Koenig Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-3679

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In taxa such as insects, spiders, bats, frogs, and lizards, adhesive structures at the distal ends of their limbs have independently evolved, enabling the animals to adhere to inclined or even inverted surfaces. The adhesive apparatus of geckos functions via a complex interaction among muscles, bones, vascular tissue, and microscopic epidermal microstructures. The microstructures of geckos are classifiable as spinules, spines, prongs and setae, but only setae, which possess spatulate tips, promote adhesive competency sufficient to support body mass employing van der Waals forces. Several studies indicate that the form of toepad microstructures might be specific to the exploitation of the attributes of the substrata employed during habitat use. The species-rich genus

Indexed as

ecomorphologyevolutionhabitat-specific adaptationsmicrofibrilsmicroornamentationreptilestoepad evolution

Identifiers

PMID41531751
PMCPMC12794655

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.