Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41531510›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2026

Surface reinforcement of rice straw fibers for epoxy composites by ultrasonic, plasma, and sodium carbonate-assisted hybrid treatments.

Harianingsih, Sivasubramanian Palanisamy, Deni Fajar Fitriyana, Januar Parlaungan Siregar, Nur Qudus, Saleh A Alfarraj, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Mohamed Abbas, Shaeen Kalathil, Mezigebu Belay

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

HarianingsihDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang Central Java 50229 Indonesia harianingsih@mail.unnes.ac.id.
Sivasubramanian PalanisamyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Mohan Babu University Tirupati Andhra Pradesh 517102 India sivaresearch948@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1926-4949
Deni Fajar FitriyanaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang Central Java 50229 Indonesia.
Januar Parlaungan SiregarFaculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) 26600 Pekan Malaysia.
Nur QudusDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang Central Java 50229 Indonesia.
Saleh A AlfarrajDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia.
Sulaiman Ali AlharbiDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box.2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed AbbasElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia.
Shaeen KalathilDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia.
Mezigebu BelayDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Ethiopian Defence University Bishoftu 1041 Ethiopia mezgebubelay@etdu.edu.et.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7620-1701

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rice straw represents a plentiful agricultural by-product that remains largely underexploited, particularly for composite reinforcement, due to poor fiber-matrix interactions and its high amorphous fraction. In this study, environmentally benign surface modification strategies were explored to ensure better mutual performance of rice-straw grains with an epoxy pattern. Four activation approaches were evaluated: ultrasonic treatment (P1), ultrasonic assisted with sodium carbonate (P2), plasma exposure (P3), and a combined Na

Identifiers

PMID41531510
PMCPMC12794192

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.