Cascade-driven nanomotor with self-amplifying necrosis targeting and deep tumor penetration for enhanced type I photodynamic immunotherapy.

Yuanyuan Yu, Shuhui Chen, Bin Zhao, Lili Zhao, Fang Wang, Jingwei Xue, Zhongtao Zhang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yuanyuan YuTumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China.

Shuhui ChenTumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China.

Bin ZhaoTumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China.

Lili ZhaoShandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Microenvironment Response Biomedical Materials, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, 271000, China.

Fang WangTumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China.

Jingwei XueTumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China.

Zhongtao ZhangTumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer cells adjacent to the necrotic regions within deep-seated tumors exhibit elevated metastatic potential, while photodynamic immunotherapy, which utilizes photosensitizers as triggers to exert synergistic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-tumor immunotherapy, has attracted considerable interest. However, high oxygen dependency and complex biological barriers hinder the efficacy of nanomedicines by restricting reactive oxygen species generation and intratumoral penetration. Herein, a laser-triggered nanomotor (HCAT NPs) with self-amplifying necrosis targeting and deep tumor penetration is prepared for enhanced type I photodynamic immunotherapy. HCAT NPs can accumulate at the tumor site

Indexed as

Deep tumor penetrationNanomotorNecrotic targetNitric oxidePhotodynamic immunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID41531499

DOI10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102677

PMCPMC12794581

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.