Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41531099›Full record

ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026

Polarize the Solvent to Regulate the Intermediate Phase and Dynamic Crystallization of Perovskite Films.

Zhuoqiong Zhang, Yunfan Wang, Weizhen Wang, Yulan Huang, Shanchao Ouyang, Yonggui Sun, Fei Wang, Xianfang Zhou, Guichuan Xing, Shu Kong So and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Zhuoqiong ZhangDepartment of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Yunfan WangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Weizhen WangDepartment of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Yulan HuangDepartment of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Shanchao OuyangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Yonggui SunHoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
Fei WangHoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
Xianfang ZhouHoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
Guichuan XingJoint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macau, P. R. China.
Shu Kong SoDepartment of Physics and Institute of Advanced Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Guozhong XingKey Laboratory of Microelectronics Devices & Integration Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
Hanlin HuHoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
Songhua CaiDepartment of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Sai-Wing TsangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
Tom WuDepartment of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-4827

Funding

Department of Education of Guangdong Province 2024ZDZX3079Early Career Scheme from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council 25305023General Research Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council 15306122General Research Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council CityU11304420General Research Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council CityU11317422General Research Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council P0051623Hong Kong Polytechnic University 1-BDCMInnovation and Technology Commission - Hong Kong MHP/233/23the Global STEM Professorship
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have demonstrated substantial potential due to their superior optoelectronic performance, but rapid and often poorly controlled crystallization during dynamic solution processing frequently leads to defective crystal growth and compromised film quality. Herein, we introduce a strategy utilizing polar polymers to intricately regulate solvent polarity and evaporation kinetics, thereby modulating the dynamics of perovskite crystallization. Particularly, the strongly polarized, high-population fluorinated groups in poly(pentafluorostyrene) strongly interact with solvent molecules in the precursor solution, stabilizing the solvent-containing intermediate phase and controlling the exfoliation of solvent molecules during perovskite crystallization. Direct imaging by scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals the structure of the intermediate phase, and in situ optical studies demonstrate that the regulated crystallization suppresses defect formation and improves film quality. Consequently, inverted PSCs fabricated via this new solvent engineering strategy achieve an efficiency of 26.4% and retain 92% after 1000 h of continuous illumination, underscoring the effectiveness of this strategy of polarizing the solvent.

Indexed as

crystallization dynamicsintermediate phaseperovskite solar cellspolar polymersolvent engineering

Identifiers

PMID41531099
PMCPMC12933009

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.