Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41530845›Full record

ArticleMicrobiome2026

Composition and dynamics of the adult nasal microbiome.

Cindy M Liu, Lise Tornvig Erikstrup, Sofie M Edslev, Daniel E Park, Juan E Salazar, Maliha Aziz, Amalie Katrine Rendboe, Tony Pham, Khoa Manh Dinh, Kelsey Roach and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiome, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Nasal Microbiota Associated with the Lung Radiomic Features in Asthma.International journal of general medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Cindy M Liu *Antibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. cindyliu@gwu.edu.
Lise Tornvig Erikstrup *Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Sofie M Edslev *Department of Sequencing and Bioinformatics, Staten Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Daniel E ParkAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Juan E SalazarAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Maliha AzizAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Amalie Katrine RendboeDepartment of Sequencing and Bioinformatics, Staten Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Tony PhamAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Khoa Manh DinhDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Kelsey RoachAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Abigail OnosAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Edward SungAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Nathan O WeberAntibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Paal Skytt AndersenDepartment of Sequencing and Bioinformatics, Staten Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Henrik UllumManagement Section, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Robert SkovDepartment of Sequencing and Bioinformatics, Staten Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bruce A HungateCenter for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA.
Marc Stegger *Department of Sequencing and Bioinformatics, Staten Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Christian Erikstrup *Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Lance B Price *Antibiotic Resistance Action Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

Funding

The dynamics of nasal bacterial ecology and S. aureus antagonismR01AI125562 · NIAID · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI PRICE, LANCE BRADLEY · 2016 to 2020
$3.6M
Influence of the nasal microbiome on host susceptibility and response to respiratory virusesR01AI168182 · NIAID · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Cindy Liu · 2023 to 2026
$2.8M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI125562NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI168182
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe nasal microbiome, a dynamic assemblage of commensals and opportunistic pathogens, is crucial to human health.

resultsUsing cross-sectional data from 1,608 adults and longitudinal sampling of 149 individuals over 8-22 months, we identified nine nasal community state types (CSTs), defined by bacterial density and indicator taxa, with varying stability and transition patterns. Core taxa such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes were highly stable, while opportunistic pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis had shorter residence times. Interactions between Dolosigranulum pigrum and Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum/propinquum were linked to reduced S. aureus colonization. Host factors, including age and biological sex, significantly shaped microbiome dynamics: men exhibited higher bacterial densities and pathogen colonization, while women showed more stable commensal-dominated CSTs. Aging was associated with shifts in CST frequencies, with declining S. aureus and increasing Enterobacterales.

conclusionsThese findings reveal potential strategies by modulating nasal microbiome dynamics to reduce pathogen colonization and improve health. Video Abstract.

Indexed as

BacteriaMicrobiotaNoseAdultCarnobacteriaceaeCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRNA, Ribosomal, 16SStaphylococcus aureusYoung AdultRNA, Ribosomal, 16SCorynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticumDolosigranulum pigrumNasal microbiomeNasal microbiome dynamicsRespiratory opportunistic pathogenStaphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID41530845
PMCPMC12825229

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.