ArticleBMC public health2026
Exploring stroke awareness in an ethnic minority population: the impact of language and social support.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGlobally, stroke is a significant health burden. Migrants face higher risk of stroke and have lower chances of timely hospital admission than the general population. Stroke awareness is a key factor for timely treatment. Overall stroke awareness is low in the general population and may be even lower among individuals with migrant background. Although stroke awareness campaigns in Denmark and elsewhere have been implemented, such initiatives primarily target the majority population and there is limited understanding of stroke awareness levels among ethnic minority populations. This study aimed to explore the impact of societal, personal and situational factors on stroke awareness within individuals of ethnic minority in Denmark.
methodsThis qualitative study involved six focus group discussions and two semi-structured interviews with individuals from three social housing areas that house a large proportion of ethnic minority groups in the Greater Copenhagen Region. The majority of participants were of Turkish, Pakistani and Indian origin. Data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis guided by the concept of Health Literacy to identify themes related to stroke awareness.
resultA total of 37 participants were included in the study. The analysis generated four key themes: 'Proximal and distal factors influencing stroke awareness', 'Language barriers' with the sub-themes: 'Accessing information' and 'Who calls for help?', 'Challenges in symptom recognition and decision-making' and 'Health and prevention awareness'. Overall, the themes revealed generally low levels of stroke awareness among participants. Sociocultural background, language barriers, and levels of social support significantly influenced the ability to access and apply relevant health information and to contact emergency medical services. While general awareness of health and risk factors was high, recognizing stroke symptoms and acting on them were a challenge due to lack of knowledge and fear of contacting the emergency medical services.
conclusionOur study highlights the need for more socioculturally and linguistically accessible stroke awareness campaigns, to improve early recognition of stroke symptoms and ensure timely intervention.
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