Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41530515›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2026

Descriptive intersectional analyses of mental health outcomes for transgender and non-binary people: a conditional inference tree approach.

Monica A Ghabrial, Ayden I Scheim, Greta R Bauer

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Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Monica A GhabrialSchool of Psychology, Cameron Faculty of Science, Algoma University, Brampton, ON, Canada. monica.ghabrial@algomau.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8783-3264
Ayden I ScheimEpidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8498-9829
Greta R BauerEpidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0663-7160

Funding

CIHR PJT-159690
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWhile transgender and non-binary (TNB) people face stress and oppressions placing them at greater risk of depression and anxiety compared to cisgender people, little research has explored mental health differences between subgroups. Drawing on an intersectionality framework, which examines how oppressive forces interact to impact health, this study investigated intersecting factors associated with mental health outcomes among TNB people in Canada.

methodsData were from Trans PULSE Canada's 2019 community-based, national survey of health and wellbeing among TNB people. Respondents reported sociodemographic characteristics, sex work history, disability, neurodiversity, sense of belonging in TNB spaces, and mental health. We conducted three conditional inference tree analyses to determine the combinations of social factors that predict depression, anxiety, and thriving.

resultsAnalyses included 2058 respondents (Mean age = 31.1, SD = 11.1). Reporting age 16-49 years, physical/visible disability, sex work history, and/or lower socioeconomic status generally predicted poorer mental health. Among respondents below the low-income threshold, a sense of belonging in TNB spaces was associated with more thriving, but only if they were not autistic. For individuals with physical/visible disability, a sense of belonging predicted greater thriving and less depression.

conclusionResults highlight intersecting social and structural factors associated with increased risk of poor mental health among specific groups of TNB people, including lower socioeconomic status and/or a physical/visible disability, or being < 50 with a history of sex work. Individuals with better mental health reported more belonging in TNB spaces, which may suggest that sense of belonging in TNB spaces is protective.

trial registrationNot applicable.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionMental HealthTransgender PersonsAdolescentAdultCanadaFemaleGender-Nonconforming PersonsHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultConditional inference treesDisabilityHealthIntersectionalitySex workTransgender and non-binary

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.