Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41530467›Full record

ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2026

Medication adherence and functional food use in patients with hypertension: a cross-sectional study.

Hidehiro Someko, Takeo Nakayama, Shiho Koizumi, Carl B Becker, Takahiro Tabuchi, Shuhei Ishikawa, Yousuke Yamamoto

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Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hidehiro SomekoDepartment of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. hidehirosomeko@gmail.com.
Takeo NakayamaDepartment of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Shiho KoizumiScience and Technology in Public Sphere, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Carl B BeckerScience and Technology in Public Sphere, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Takahiro TabuchiDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Shuhei IshikawaDepartment of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
Yousuke YamamotoDepartment of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional foods are increasingly used by patients with chronic diseases, including hypertension, yet whether their therapeutic use is associated with medication adherence remains unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults with self-reported hypertension who were receiving antihypertensive medication, using data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS 2024; December 2024-January 2025). Respondents were classified as functional food users if they reported using functional foods specifically to treat hypertension; non-users served as comparators. Medication adherence was measured with the Japanese 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8); low adherence was defined as MMAS-8 <6. Among 4063 treated hypertensive adults (586 users; 3477 non-users), functional food use was associated with a higher risk of low adherence after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors: risk ratio 1.24 (95% CI 1.04-1.48). These findings suggest that therapeutic use of functional foods may be linked to suboptimal adherence to prescribed antihypertensive therapy, warranting further investigation. However, causal relationships cannot be inferred due to the cross-sectional design, and the self-reported nature of both exposures and outcomes may introduce measurement error.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsDrug MonitoringFunctional FoodHypertensionAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedAntihypertensive AgentsDietary supplementsDigital hypertensionFoods for Specified Health UsesFoods with Function ClaimsHealth literacyImplemental hypertensionMorning hypertensionNutraceuticals

Identifiers

PMID41530467

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.