Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41529057›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of aging & human development2026

What Is Old Age? Differences in Views of Old Age Between Employees and the Self-Employed.

Nabaraj Adhikari, Kasper Kotisaari, Kathrin Komp-Leukkunen, Visa Rantanen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of aging & human development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nabaraj AdhikariDepartment of Social Science, School of Engineering Sciences, LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-2677-224X
Kasper KotisaariDepartment of Social Science, School of Engineering Sciences, LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland.ORCID 0009-0000-0126-9616
Kathrin Komp-LeukkunenDepartment of Social Science, School of Engineering Sciences, LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland.ORCID 0000-0001-9342-2170
Visa RantanenDepartment of Social Science, School of Engineering Sciences, LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-8446-3808

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Self-employment is a way for older adults to become active, achieve financial security and contribute to the economy. We explore the meaning of old age from the perspectives of employed and self-employed people. To examine the meaning of old age, 16 employed and self-employed Finns aged 50 and older were interviewed. The sample was stratified according to gender, employment relationship and company size. We employ the life course perspective to examine how choice of work over the life course influences how people think about old age. Employees and self-employed individuals have different perspectives and ways of defining the onset of old age, particularly in terms of the link between retirement and old age. This paper demonstrates that employees and the self-employed view the beginning of old age differently and have different life courses, showing the complex interplay between work and perception of old age.

Indexed as

AgingEmploymentAgedFemaleFinlandHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetirementemploymentFinlandlife coursemeaningold ageretirementself-employment

Identifiers

PMID41529057
PMCPMC13447798

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.