Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41528495›Full record

ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026

Risk factors and outcome of dopamine dysregulation syndrome in a large Chinese Parkinson's disease cohort.

Yi Xiao, Simin Kang, Ruwei Ou, Junyu Lin, Tianmi Yang, Qirui Jiang, Wei Song, Huifang Shang

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yi Xiao *Department of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Simin Kang *Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Qionglai, Sichuan, China.
Ruwei OuDepartment of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Junyu LinDepartment of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Tianmi YangDepartment of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Qirui JiangDepartment of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Wei SongDepartment of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. 36255368@qq.com.
Huifang ShangDepartment of Neurology, Rare Disease Center, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. hfshang2002@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0947-1151

Funding

Chengdu Science and Technology Project Key Research and Development Support Program 2024-YF08-00038-GX
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is a lack of large sample-size studies on the prevalence and outcome of Dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) in Chinese Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.

methodA total of 706 patients with PD were included in the study. Patients were divided into DDS and non-DDS groups according to whether they met the diagnostic criteria for DDS. The outcome of DDS in patients with DDS was followed up by telephone.

resultDDS was diagnosed in 29 of 706 (4.1%) patients. Compared to non-DDS patients, DDS patients had an early age of onset, longer disease duration, a high percentage of impulse control disorder, dyskinesia, and motor fluctuation, higher Hoehn-Yahr stage, and higher scores of non-motor symptoms. Higher levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) (OR [95% CI] = 1.47 [1.10, 2.00], P = 0.010) and severe depressive symptoms (OR [95% CI] = 3.15 [1.39, 7.33], P = 0.007) were risk factors for DDS in PD patients. After a mean follow-up of 2.94 ± 0.94 years, 24 patients with DDS were reached, and only three patients had persistent DDS. Youden index and univariate logistic regression model found that baseline LEDD ≧ 950 mg/day was an effective predictor for persistent DDS.

conclusionThe high disease burden of DDS emphasized the need for the prevention of DDS in the clinic. Controlling LEDD was important for preventing persistent DDS, and we provided a recommendation LEDD cutoff to prevent persistent DDS in Chinese PD patients.

Indexed as

DopamineParkinson DiseaseAgedAntiparkinson AgentsChinaCohort StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansLevodopaMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsAntiparkinson AgentsDopamineLevodopaClinical featuresCohort studyDopamine dysregulation syndromeParkinson’s disease

Identifiers

PMID41528495

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.