Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41527946›Full record

ArticlePsychometrika2026

Navigating Cognitive Maps: Statistical Analysis of 3D Path Data in Minecraft.

Jizhi Zhang, Alessandra Shuster, Allison B Morehouse, Sara Mednick, Zhaoxia Yu, Weining Shen, Katharine C Simon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychometrika, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jizhi Zhanghttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.
Alessandra Shusterhttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.
Allison B Morehousehttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-4625
Sara Mednickhttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.
Zhaoxia Yuhttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.
Weining Shenhttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-1085
Katharine C Simonhttps://ror.org/04gyf1771University of California Irvine, USA.

Funding

The role of insufficient sleep and depression on hippocampal-dependent memory trajectories across the adolescent transitionK08HD107161 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Katharine Simon · 2022 to 2026
$798k
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health R01 AG061355NICHD NIH HHS K08 HD107161
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding spatial navigation and memory formation is critical to exploring how humans learn and adapt in complex environments. To investigate these processes, we conducted an experiment using the Minecraft Memory and Navigation Task, collecting detailed three-dimensional (3D) path data in a virtual open-world setting. Statistically, we developed a novel methodology to convert complex high-dimensional 3D movement data into functional representations, enabling standardized comparisons and analyses across participants and environments. We applied techniques such as functional clustering and regression to identify navigation patterns and their relationships with cognitive map development and memory retention. Our analysis uncovered two significant insights: first, participants who adopted moderately exploratory behaviors during training demonstrated superior retention of object locations; second, inefficient navigation strategies were strongly linked to poorer spatial memory and navigation performance. These findings highlight the effectiveness of our methodology in advancing the study of navigation behaviors and cognitive processes in dynamic 3D environments.

Indexed as

Dijkstra’s algorithmfunctional data analysisfunctional regressionspatial memoryspatial navigation

Identifiers

PMID41527946
PMCPMC12935311

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.