ArticleJournal of Korean medical science2026
Risk of Depression Related to Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Tegoprazan: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of Korean medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Letter to the Editor: Proton Pump Inhibitors and Depression: Implications for Perioperative Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere are potential concerns of depression associated with the use of gastric acid suppressants. This study compared associations of potassium competitive acid blockers (PCABs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with the development of depressive disorder.
methodsPatients newly prescribed five PPIs (omeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole, and esomeprazole) and one PCAB (tegoprazan) from January 2020 to April 2022 were identified by Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Primary outcome was diagnosis of depression with more than 60 prescription days of antidepressants. Multivariable logistic regression and survival curve analysis with Kaplan-Maier method were performed with two models to calculate the risk of depression with all PPIs (model 1) or each individual PPIs (model 2) compared to tegoprazan. Sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching (PSM) and subgroup analyses stratified by treatment duration were followed.
resultsA total of 6,104,743 patients aged 18-80 years were included. The occurrence of depression was higher in all PPI groups (adjusted odds ratio for all PPIs, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-1.44; lansoprazole, 1.80; pantoprazole, 1.42; esomeprazole, 1.32; rabeprazole, 1.22; omeprazole, 1.15) than in the PCAB group. Cumulative incidence of depression up to 1200 days after beginning prescription was significantly higher in PPI groups (all
conclusionIn this national longitudinal study, PCAB users had a lower likelihood of developing depression than PPI users. Additional studies on the biological mechanism for the risk of depression and gastric acid suppressants are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.