ArticleBMC oral health2026
Effect of immersion in different media on the color stability, surface roughness, and microhardness of flowable nanohybrid resin composites.
Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Surface and fracture properties of lithium disilicate and resin-Matrix CAD/CAM ceramics.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Article
- Surface roughness and wear resistance of ormocer- versus methacrylate-based single-shade resin composites after simulated tooth brushing.BMC oral health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo evaluate color stability, surface roughness, and microhardness of flowable nanohybrid resin composites following immersion in different media.
methodsPolofil NHT Flow (VOCO GmbH), G-aenial Universal Injectable (GC DENTAL PRODUCTS CORP), and Tetric N-Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) were used. From each tested resin composite, 50 disc-shaped specimens (10-mm diameter × 2-mm thickness) were performed. Each group was categorized into five subgroups according to immersion media (n = 10): (1) control (without immersion), (2) artificial saliva, (3) coffee, (4) cola, and (5) energy drink. Color stability, surface roughness, and microhardness were evaluated. Data were analyzed through two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc, and Pearson correlation coefficient tests (p < 0.05).
resultsFor color change, no statistically significant differences were observed among the resin composites regarding artificial saliva (p = 0.78), coffee (p = 0.93), and cola (p = 0.09), while there was a significant difference between them regarding energy drink (p < 0.05). The highest surface roughness mean value was recorded with Polofil NHT Flow, which showed an increase in surface roughness after immersion in energy drink (0.32 ± 0.06 μm) compared to the control subgroup (0.22 ± 0.08 μm). For all resin composites, there were significant reductions in microhardness with all immersion media in comparison to the control subgroups (p < 0.05).
conclusionsFor color stability, energy drink and coffee had the most negative effect on all tested resin composites. Energy drink caused the highest discoloration with G-aenial Universal Injectable and the highest roughness with Polofil NHT Flow. All tested resin composites showed a decrease in surface microhardness following immersion in all tested immersion media.
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Registered trials
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