ArticleBMC psychology2026
Comparative analysis of traditional and metaverse-based education: impacts on students' all-round development.
Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAll-round development, including intellectual, social, physical, ethical, and aesthetic skills, is essential for student growth. Traditional classrooms, using textbooks and direct interaction, often lack immersive experiences. The Metaverse offers interactive virtual environments to enhance these skills, but comparative studies are limited. PURPOSE: To compare traditional and metaverse-based education impacts on students' all-round development and provide insights for educators.
methodsA comparative study involved 200 university students randomly assigned to traditional or metaverse-based courses (Chinese, Ethics, Art, Physical Education). Outcomes were assessed via short tests and a 45-item Likert-scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS 4, IBM SPSS Amos 28, Mann-Whitney U tests, and partial least squares regression.
resultsMetaverse-based education was associated with significantly higher scores than traditional methods in intellectual, ethical, and aesthetic skills (p < 0.05), due to immersive simulations. Traditional education was associated with significantly higher scores for social and physical skills (p < 0.05), driven by direct interaction and hands-on practice. The model explained 61.4%-76.8% of skill variance.
conclusionMetaverse education excels in intellectual, ethical, and aesthetic skills, while traditional methods enhance social and physical skills. A hybrid approach is recommended to optimize all-round development.
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