Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41526819›Full record

Observational studyBMC emergency medicine2026

Performance of a multistate teleradiology service in emergency pediatric and adolescent neuroimaging: a two-year retrospective study.

Mustafa S Alhasan, Ahmed Y Azzam, James Milburn, Mohammad Khalil, Omar A Alharthi, Ayman S Alhasan, Abdullah Almaghraby, Neetika Mathur, Arjun Kalyanpur

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mustafa S AlhasanDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Y AzzamDivision of Global Health and Public Health, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Public Health, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, Suffolk, UK. a.azzam@uos.ac.uk.
James MilburnThe University of Queensland Medical School, Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Mohammad KhalilFaculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Omar A AlharthiDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Ayman S AlhasanDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah AlmaghrabyDepartment of Pediatrics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Neetika MathurImage Core Lab, Plot No. 7G, Opposite Graphite India, Whitefield, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560048, India.
Arjun KalyanpurTeleradiology Solutions, 22 Llanfair Rd UNIT 6, Ardmore, PA, 19003, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPediatric neuroradiology expertise is limited in many healthcare facilities, especially in the emergency setting. Teleradiology offers a promising solution by providing remote access to subspecialty interpretation. Our study aimed to evaluate the performance and outcomes of a teleradiology service for emergency pediatric neuroradiology across multiple U.S. states.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of pediatric head/brain and spine computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) studies transmitted from 107 hospitals across 17 U.S. states to a teleradiology service from January 2023 to December 2024. Primary outcomes included turnaround time (TAT), diagnostic yield, and demographic patterns. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, confidence intervals, and comparative testing with appropriate effect size calculations.

resultsA total of 9,985 scans from 7,958 patients (57.3% male, mean age 11.08 years) were analyzed. CT studies formed 96.8% of cases with mean TAT of 37.5 min (95% CI: 37.1–37.9), while MR studies averaged 61.2 min (95% CI: 57.6–64.8). Overall positive finding rate was 13.4% (95% CI: 12.8–14.1%). Hemorrhage was the most common finding (5.68%), followed by skull fracture (3.17%). Trauma-related findings represented 66.0% of positive cases. Significant differences were observed between CT and MR regarding gender distribution (57.8% vs. 49.4% male, P-value = 0.003) and between head versus spine imaging regarding patient age (10.41 vs. 13.43 years, P-value < 0.001).

conclusionsTeleradiology demonstrated good performance in emergency pediatric neuroradiology with rapid turnaround times and optimal diagnostic yield. Teleradiology successfully bridges expertise gaps across different geographic regions while maintaining high-quality interpretation standards for time-sensitive pediatric neurologic emergencies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Emergency Service, HospitalNeuroimagingTeleradiologyAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsTomography, X-Ray ComputedUnited StatesEmergencyNeuroradiologyPediatric imagingPediatric neuroradiologyTeleradiology

Identifiers

PMID41526819
PMCPMC12888310

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.