Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41526752›Full record

ArticleBehavior research methods2026

Bayesian hierarchical cognitive modeling with the EMC2 package.

Niek Stevenson, Michelle C Donzallaz, Reilly J Innes, Birte U Forstmann, Dora Matzke, Andrew Heathcote

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Behavior research methods, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Niek StevensonDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. niek.stevenson@gmail.com.
Michelle C DonzallazDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Reilly J InnesDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Birte U ForstmannDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Dora MatzkeDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Andrew HeathcoteDepartment of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Funding

H2020 European Research Council 86475Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative AUSMURIV000003Sociale en Geesteswetenschappen, NWO 016.vici.185.05Sociale en Geesteswetenschappen, NWO VI.Vidi.191.091
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

EMC2 is an R package that provides a comprehensive five-phase workflow for Bayesian hierarchical analysis of cognitive models of choice. In the design phase, EMC2 bridges the gap between standard regression analyses and cognitive modeling through linear-model specifications for cognitive-model parameters. In the Bayesian specification and sampling phases, the package provides flexible priors, hierarchical structures, and efficient sampling algorithms, enabling fast, user-friendly estimation of computationally intensive cognitive models. In the final two phases, EMC2 provides a suite of functions for model criticism and inference. Using two leading evidence-accumulation models for illustration, we provide a tutorial on the EMC2-based workflow that eases and guides the process of specifying, evaluating, refining, comparing, and interpreting Bayesian hierarchical cognitive models.

Indexed as

CognitionModels, PsychologicalSoftwareAlgorithmsBayes TheoremChoice BehaviorHumansCognitive modelsEvidence accumulation modelsHierarchical BayesR package

Identifiers

PMID41526752

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.