ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026
Surgery for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors with Synchronous Liver Metastasis.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSurgical management strategies for patients with synchronous liver metastases from gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are controversial. This study sought to investigate survival outcomes associated with various resection strategies.
methodsPatients with grade I or II primary NETs originating from the small-bowel (SBNETs) or pancreas (PNETs) with synchronous liver metastasis alone were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010-2019). Data were analyzed using chi-square testing, the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards regression models.
resultsOverall, 1448 patients were identified with grade I or II SBNETs (n = 859, 59%) or PNETs (n = 589, 41%) and synchronous liver metastases. The median follow-up period for the patients was 46 months (interquartile range [IQR], 29.0-72.0 months). Both primary resection and metastasectomy were more likely to be performed for SBNETs than for PNETs (41% vs 26%; p < 0.001). Survival analysis showed that the patients receiving primary tumor resection and metastasectomy had a longer mean disease-specific survival (SBNETs, 97.0 months; PNETs, 71.6 months) than the patients who were surgical candidates but refused surgery (SBNETs, 73.5 months; PNETs, 56.5 months; p < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis controlling for grade, primary resection with metastasectomy was associated with a survival advantage compared with no surgical intervention for both the patients with SBNETs (hazard ratio [HR], 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.49; p = 0.01) and those with PNETs (HR, 0.22-0.47; 95% CI, 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001).
conclusionsThis large population-level study suggests that the surgical management of patients who have primary SBNETs or PNETs with liver metastasis may be associated with a survival advantage. Surgeons should consider primary resection and metastasectomy (if safe and feasible) for this patient population.
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