ArticleNPJ science of food2026
Bioactive nanoparticles from clam extracts mitigate alcoholic liver injury by modulating multiple pathways.
Article in NPJ science of food, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is a global health burden driven by ethanol-induced steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Clam extracts have demonstrated hepatoprotective potential, attributed to abundant bioactive compounds. In this work, clam (Geloina erosa)-derived nanoparticles (CNPs) were isolated via tangential flow filtration and characterized as 62.2 ± 3.0 nm, negatively charged nanoscale particles enriched in phospholipids, diacylglycerols, and bioactive metabolites. Oral administration of CNPs for nine weeks in ethanol-fed mice significantly alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury. CNPs modulated hepatic inflammation by downregulating TLR4/MyD88 signaling and pro-inflammatory cytokines, rebalanced lipid metabolism through suppression of SREBP-1c and activation of PPARα, and restored antioxidant defenses by reactivating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Moreover, CNPs enhanced ethanol detoxification by upregulating ADH and ALDH while inhibiting CYP2E1, and promoted a macrophage phenotype shift toward M2. Restoration of fecal short-chain fatty acids and intestinal retention supported their gut-liver axis activity. These findings suggest that CNPs act as multifunctional nanocarriers delivering endogenous bioactives for AFLD mitigation.
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