ArticleHNO2026
[Influence of dysphagia and nutrition-dependent factors on the survival of patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer : A retrospective cohort study].
Article in HNO, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveIn addition to cancer-related survival, significant non-cancer-related modifiable risk factors are increasingly recognized in head and neck cancer due to disease localization and oncological therapy. Dysphagia in particular has an impact on overall survival, especially due to consequences such as aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition. This study aimed to assess these risks and possible influencing factors in a typical patient population of a German head and neck cancer center.
methodsPatients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer were examined as part of a retrospective cohort study. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the influence of independent variables on dysphagia- and diet-dependent outcome variables. Factors influencing survival were identified using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis.
resultsPretherapeutic underweight (hazard ratio, HR, 2.025) and pneumonia (HR 1.569) were identified as significant risk factors for survival in 214 patients. At the same time, pretherapeutic underweight was found to be an influencing factor for pretherapeutic dysphagia (OR 7.6), which, in turn, was an influencing factor for posttherapeutic dysphagia (odds ratio, OR, 12.1). The presence of pre- and posttherapeutic dysphagia had a significant influence (OR 4.0) on the development of pneumonia.
conclusionThe results indicate that early and consistent treatment of malnutrition and dysphagia could improve long-term survival. Further studies on interventions addressing these influencing and risk factors are necessary to extend the outcome evaluation of pretreatment, early, and inpatient rehabilitation measures after oncological therapy beyond solely subjective patient-centered outcome measures. These future investigations should also address the consequences of dysphagia on disease management, quality of life, morbidity, and mortality as well as the costs associated with its complications.
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