Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41524903›Full record

ReviewArchives of microbiology2026

A vicious cycle inducer in gastric pathogenesis: implication of Helicobacter pylori.

Amiratabak Rajaei, Pooya Mahdavi, Rojan Chimehrad, Mehrasa Zakeri, Zahra Sadeghloo, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Archives of microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Simultaneous point-of-care detection and virulence typing of Helicobacter pylori using multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow strip.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Amiratabak Rajaei *Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Pooya Mahdavi *College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Rojan Chimehrad *Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Mehrasa Zakeri *Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Zahra SadeghlooBasic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ha_s70@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4999-5697
Ehsan Nazemalhosseini MojaradDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. ehsanmojarad@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8914-004X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogen responsible for chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Its persistence is facilitated by a complex arsenal of virulence factors, including the CagA oncoprotein, the VacA toxin, adhesins, and the ability to form biofilms. While the roles of individual factors are well-studied, the integrated mechanisms by which they collectively drive carcinogenesis remain a critical knowledge gap. This review integrates evidence showing that CagA delivery and type IV secretion-dependent signals create a transient, infection-driven BRCAness (BRCA1/2 pathway deficiency) state, which is a homologous recombination DNA repair deficiency, promoting error-prone repair and genomic instability. Concurrently, CagA-independent pathways, such as T4SS-mediated ADP-heptose delivery and reactive oxygen species generation, contribute to DNA double-strand breaks. The infection further impairs host defenses by disrupting tumor suppressor pathways such as p53, dysregulating immune signaling of NF-κB and JAK/STAT, which results in immune evasion through arginine depletion and impaired antigen presentation. By elucidating the coordinated interplay among virulence factors, DNA damage response impairment, and immune modulation, this review highlights potential intervention nodes that may help disrupt persistent infection and ultimately reduce the risk of H. pylori-associated gastric cancer.

Indexed as

Helicobacter InfectionsHelicobacter pyloriStomach NeoplasmsAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmune EvasionSignal TransductionType IV Secretion SystemsVirulence FactorsAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinscagA protein, Helicobacter pyloriType IV Secretion SystemsVirulence FactorsArginaseDNA damageGastric cancerHelicobacter pyloriImmune evasionVirulence factor

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.