Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41524877›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026

True Incidence of Appendiceal Neoplasms in Patients Presenting with Complicated Appendicitis: A Call for a Revised Management Algorithm.

Laleh Foroutani, Jaeyun Jane Wang, Shreyas Kiran, Han Yin, Joshua Myszewski, Suwayda Ali, Amir Ashraf Ganjouei, Kenzo Hirose, Carlos Corvera, Eric Nakakura and 2 more

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Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Laleh ForoutaniDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jaeyun Jane WangDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Shreyas KiranDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Han YinDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Joshua MyszewskiDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Suwayda AliDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Amir Ashraf GanjoueiDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kenzo HiroseDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Carlos CorveraDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Eric NakakuraDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Adnan AlseidiDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Mohamed Abdelgadir AdamDepartment of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Mohamed.Adam@ucsf.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrior studies suggest an association between complicated appendicitis and underlying appendiceal neoplasms, but the reported incidence varies widely. This study aimed to determine the incidence and predictors of appendiceal neoplasms among patients with radiographically diagnosed complicated appendicitis.

methodsThis study analyzed adult patients with radiologic diagnoses of complicated appendicitis (perforation, abscess, phlegmon, gangrene, or mucocele) at a tertiary center (2010-2024). To ensure diagnostic accuracy, an expert surgeon reviewed radiologic images with uncertain findings. The appendiceal neoplasm rate was calculated. Multivariable logistic regression identified preoperative predictors of neoplasm.

resultsAmong 1690 patients with acute appendicitis, 387 (23 %) had a diagnosis of complicated appendicitis. Of these patients, 304 (78.6 %) underwent surgical treatment, whereas 56 (14.5 %) were managed nonoperatively. The rate of appendiceal neoplasms among patients with complicated appendicitis was 16.1 %. The most common tumor type was mucinous neoplasm (54 %), followed by neuroendocrine tumor (19 %) and adenocarcinoma (13 %). The incidence of appendiceal neoplasms varied significantly based on radiologic findings, with the highest rate observed in cases with mucocele (58 %), followed by abscess (18 %), phlegmon (16 %), and perforated appendicitis (12 %). After adjustment for confounders, older patient age, larger appendiceal diameter, lymphadenopathy, peritoneal enhancement, and absence of fat-stranding were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of neoplasm.

conclusionAppendiceal neoplasms were identified in 16.1 % of patients presenting with complicated appendicitis, representing a notably high incidence in this population. In the context of growing nonoperative management, radiologic and clinical predictors may need to be considered to guide decisions regarding surgery and follow-up evaluation.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsAppendiceal NeoplasmsAppendicitisAdenocarcinomaAdultAgedAppendectomyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeuroendocrine TumorsPrognosisRetrospective StudiesAppendiceal abscessAppendiceal neoplasmComplicated appendicitisInterval appendectomyMucoceleNon-operative managementPerforated appendicitisRadiologic predictors

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PMID41524877

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.