Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41524696›Full record

ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026

Linking Viscosity and Droplet Microstructure in Liquid Metal Composites via 3D MicroCT Analysis.

Hugh P Grennan, Ohnyoung Hur, Michael D Bartlett

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Hugh P GrennanMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Ohnyoung HurMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Michael D BartlettMechanical Engineering, Soft Materials and Structures Lab, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-5135

Funding

National Science Foundation 2238754Office of Naval Research N000142412504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liquid metal (LM) composites offer unique combinations of compliance, conductivity, and functionality that enable applications in soft robotics, wearable devices, and flexible electronics. Realizing these capabilities requires a fundamental understanding of how processing influences microstructure, since droplet size, dispersion, and settling govern material properties. Here, rheological measurements are combined with micro-computed tomography (microCT) imaging to uncover how uncured composite viscosity directs the formation of LM microstructures in elastomeric matrices. By systematically varying LM volume fraction (ϕ = 10%, 20%, 30%) and fumed silica (FS) weight fraction (ψ = 0%, 4%, 8%) while holding planetary mixing conditions constant, the role of rheology is isolated in shaping LM droplet populations. MicroCT analysis provides quantitative 3D characterization of thousands of droplets, enabling statistical evaluation of size distributions, spatial dispersion, and settling behavior. These findings are further analyzed by modeling LM droplet settling during polymer curing, enabling the prediction of microstructural homogeneity and providing a design tool for tailoring composite properties. This approach reveals how composite rheology dictates LM microstructure, which can be modified to achieve a ≈ 10

Indexed as

liquid metal compositesmicro‐computed tomography (microCT)processing‐structure relationshipsrheologysoft electronics

Identifiers

PMID41524696
PMCPMC12895225

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.