Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41524290›Full record

ArticleOrthodontics & craniofacial research2026

Intronic Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in FGFR2 Gene Association With Non-Syndromic Mandibular Retrognathism.

Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis, Christian Kirschneck, Daniel Hemming, Eva Paddenberg-Schubert, Peter Proff, Daniela Silva Barroso de Oliveira, Cristiano Miranda de Araujo, Flares Baratto-Filho, Svenja Beisel-Memmert, Erika Calvano Küchler

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In one paragraph

Article in Orthodontics & craniofacial research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Caio Luiz Bitencourt ReisSchool of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0606-1632
Christian KirschneckDepartment of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Daniel HemmingSchool of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
Eva Paddenberg-SchubertDepartment of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Peter ProffDepartment of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Daniela Silva Barroso de OliveiraSchool of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Cristiano Miranda de AraujoSchool of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-4248
Flares Baratto-FilhoSchool of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
Svenja Beisel-MemmertDepartment of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-6610
Erika Calvano KüchlerDepartment of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5351-2526

Funding

Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Küchler/Kirschneck accepted in July 4th, 2019Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior 001Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2021/02704-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveMandibular retrognathism (MR) is a skeletal malocclusion in which patients have a deficient mandibular length, resulting in a more posterior position of the mandible. We aimed to investigate the association between Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) gene and MR in germans. MATERIALS AND

methodsGenomic DNA and lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained from orthodontic patients. Patients were allocated into the 'Retruded' group (SNB angle < 78°) and into the 'Well-positioned' group (SNB 78°-82°). The rs4752566, rs10736303, rs11200014, rs1078806, rs1219648, rs2981578 and rs2162540 SNPs were genotyped using real-time PCR. Allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies were compared (α = 5%).

resultsA total of 142 patients were included, 93 (65.5%) allocated into the 'Retruded' group and 49 (34.5%) into the 'Well-positioned' group. The allele T in rs2981578 SNP was statistically more frequent in the 'Retruded' group in both univariate (PR = 1.22; 95% CI, = 1.02-1.47) and multivariate (PR = 1.55; 95% CI, = 1.07-2.25) analyses (p < 0.05). The CT + TT genotypes were statistically more frequent in the 'Retruded' group in univariate (PR = 1.58; 95% CI, = 1.03-2.41) and multivariate (PR = 1.59; 95% CI, = 1.11-2.26) analysis (p < 0.05). All studied SNPs were associated with MR establishment in haplotype analysis (p < 0.05).

conclusionSNPs in the FGFR2 are associated with MR and have the potential to serve as genetic biomarkers to early diagnosis and prediction of mandible growth.

Indexed as

IntronsPolymorphism, Single NucleotideReceptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2RetrognathiaAdolescentAllelesCephalometryFemaleGene FrequencyGenotypeHaplotypesHumansMaleMandibleReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionFGFR2 protein, humanReceptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2fgfr2mandiblemandibular retrognathismorthodonticsingle nucleotide polymorphism

Identifiers

PMID41524290
PMCPMC13140033

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.