ArticleWorld journal of experimental medicine2025
Evaluation of short and long-term laboratory and instrumental findings in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Tuscany.
Article in World journal of experimental medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe World Health Organization defined long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as the continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with these symptoms lasting for at least 2 months with no other explanation.
aimTo evaluate the potential laboratory and instrumental findings (short-term and long-term) resulting from COVID-19.
methodsThis longitudinal observational COVID-19 cohort study (March 1, 2020-March 1, 2021) was carried out on patients ≥ 18 years old who were admitted to the University Hospitals of Pisa, Siena and Careggi and the Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Sud Est and USL Centro Toscana and were subjected to follow-up. Follow-up was conducted between 0 day and 89 days, 90 days and 179 days, 180 days and 269 days, 270 days and 359 days, and more than 360 days after hospitalization.
resultsOf 2887 patients (58.5% males, average age 66.2 years) hospitalized in the study period (March 1, 2020-March 1, 2021) carrying out at least one follow-up examination within 12 months of discharge, a total of 1739 patients (705 males, average age 66 years) underwent laboratory tests, of whom 714 patients (470 males, average age 63 years) underwent spirometry. Some laboratory test results remained above the threshold even at follow-up beyond 360 days (C-reactive protein: 36%, fibrin degradation fragment: 48.8%, gamma-glutamyl transferase: 16.8%), while others showed a return to normal range more quickly in almost all patients. Alterations in liver enzymes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, lymphocytes and neutrophils were associated with the risk of requiring oxygen therapy or forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity alterations at follow-up.
conclusionAlterations in liver enzymes, hematocrit or hemoglobin, lymphocytes and neutrophils were associated with risk outcomes (need for oxygen therapy or spirometry alterations). These imbalanced conditions may contribute to pulmonary dysfunction.
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