ArticleCureus2025
Unmasking Hidden Clues in Cutaneous Viral Infections: Histopathological Insights Into Keratinocytic Features of Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella Zoster Virus, and Molluscum Contagiosum.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveThis case study aimed to explore primarily the keratinocytic changes of cutaneous viral infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and molluscum contagiosum (MC). The focus was on identifying features and diagnostic clues in cases without typical findings.
methodsA retrospective analysis encompassing 14 HSV/VZV cases (January 2000 to October 2023) and 22 MC cases (January 2013 to December 2015) was conducted.
resultsIn HSV/VZV cases, 71% (10 of 14) exhibited distinctive histopathological features in the adjacent keratinocytes, including nucleolar enlargement and atypical features. Immunohistochemical studies in 40% of the cases (4 of 10) revealed positive staining in cells with cytopathic changes and negative staining in adjacent atypical keratinocytes. Conversely, MC cases consistently demonstrate an enlarged, stuffed "pregnant seahorse appearance" of keratinocytes around molluscum bodies.
conclusionThis study highlights the diagnostic significance of keratinocytic changes in these viral infections, allowing pathologists to perform additional studies to make the correct diagnosis in cases where typical viral changes are not readily apparent.
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