ArticleCureus2025
A Phantom-Based Curriculum for Teaching and Assessing Ultrasound Neuraxial Skills in Pediatric Anesthesia Trainees: Development and Implementation.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction Opportunities to practice ultrasound-guided/assisted (USGA) neuraxial techniques in pediatric patients are limited due to the high-risk nature and anatomical variability of this population. Simulation-based education offers a safe and effective method for trainees to develop competence in these challenging procedures. Methods We developed a curriculum using a previously validated, shelf-stable pediatric spine phantom designed to replicate sonographic anatomy. Pediatric anesthesiology trainees participated in a structured workshop that included pre-workshop online content, a hands-on scanning session, and a three-minute skills assessment. Participants completed identical pre-, post-, and six-month or more follow-up quizzes consisting of 14 knowledge-based questions and items assessing comfort and practice behavior. Paired-samples t-tests were used to compare mean percent correct scores between pre- and post-intervention and between pre- and follow-up assessments. To control for multiple comparisons, a Bonferroni correction was applied (adjusted α=0.025). Analyses were verified using R software (version 4.4.0). Descriptive statistics evaluated shifts in comfort and behavior. Results Twenty-six trainees (13 fellows, 13 residents) enrolled; 20 completed the full curriculum, and 18 completed follow-up assessment. Participants demonstrated significant improvement from pre- to post-workshop (
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