Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41523166›Full record

ArticleAdvanced composites and hybrid materials2026

Hybrid Bioprinting for functionally graded tissue engineering constructs with patterned and localized biochemical signals.

Jiannan Li, Carolyn Kim, Hossein V Alizadeh, Shreya Garg, Arnaud Bruyas, Peng Zhao, Isadora S D Passos, Chi-Chun Pan, Andrea S Flores Pérez, Mark A Skylar-Scott and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Advanced composites and hybrid materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jiannan Li *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Carolyn Kim *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Hossein V AlizadehDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Shreya GargDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Arnaud BruyasDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Peng ZhaoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Isadora S D PassosDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Chi-Chun PanDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Andrea S Flores PérezDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Mark A Skylar-ScottDepartment of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Sungwoo KimDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Yunzhi P YangDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.

Funding

Tissue Engineering Approaches for Improved Treatment of Early Stage Osteonecrosis of the HipR01AR072613 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GOODMAN, STUART B, YANG, YUNZHI · 2018 to 2022
$2.2M
Preclinical microphysiological tumor models for nuclear medicineR01CA268514 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Guillem Pratx, JOHN B SUNWOO · 2023 to 2026
$2.1M
Vascularization in bone tissue engineering constructsR01AR074458 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI YANG, YUNZHI · 2019 to 2023
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA268514NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR072613NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR074458
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engineering native-mimetic tissue constructs is challenging due to their intricate biological and structural gradients. To address this, Hybprinter-SAM was developed by integrating three bioprinting technologies: syringe extrusion (SE), acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) and molten material extrusion (MME). This system not only enables the creation of mechanical gradients by integrating soft and rigid materials spanning 7 order magnitude of stiffness but also facilitates precise patterning and controlled localization of biochemical signals within printed scaffolds. This capability is beneficial in replicating the complexity of native tissues to enhance functionality. Both the printing process and biomaterials were optimized to balance printability, mechanical integrity, and biocompatibility. As a proof of concept, Hybprinter-SAM was used in a bone-tendon regeneration study to engineer a multi-material construct with patterned fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), resulting in markers indicative of fibrocartilage development. These findings highlight the potential of Hybprinter-SAM as a versatile platform for diverse tissue engineering applications that require complex, functionally graded tissue constructs. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42114-025-01546-0.

Indexed as

BioprintingControlled releaseHybrid materialsHydrogelsStem cellsTissue engineering

Identifiers

PMID41523166
PMCPMC12783323

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.