ArticleTaiwan journal of ophthalmology
Effectiveness of aflibercept, ranibizumab, and Ozurdex for treating diabetic macular edema showing a suboptimal response: A comparative observational study.
Article in Taiwan journal of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Special Issue: Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment of Retinal Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of the study was to compare two antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents (aflibercept and ranibizumab) with a corticosteroid implant (Ozurdex), administered as intravitreal injections to patients with persistent diabetic macular edema (DME) not responding to bevacizumab. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 60 patients comprising men and women aged 18 and above who suffered from DME showing a suboptimal response after three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and were referred to the ophthalmology department between January 2013 and June 2018. The following data were collected before therapy initiation and 1 month following three injections of anti-VEGF agents or steroids: age, sex, lens status, visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and central foveal thickness (CFT).
resultsOne month following the third injection of anti-VEGF or steroid, VA and CFT were significantly improved; neither one of the injected medications showed clinical benefit over the others. However, IOP was increased after treatment with steroids compared to the other injections.
conclusionResistance to anti-VEGF occurs in a substantial proportion of patients with DME. Few studies compare the efficacy of anti-VEGF agents and steroid therapy as second-line treatment for DME to determine the best treatment strategy. Injections of the examined drugs provide a similar clinical benefit. The increase in IOP following steroid injections compared to anti-VEGF agents is well known and has been previously described. It should be well considered before selecting second-line treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.