ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal oncology2025
First-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced esophageal and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Article in Journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy have become the first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJC). The aim is to explore the safety and efficacy of ICI and a potential biomarker. Methods: As of August 2025, we comprehensively reviewed the literature on clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by searching keywords, such as "esophageal adenocarcinoma", "gastroesophageal junction cancer", or "immunotherapy" across multiple databases (including Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and the Clinical Trial Registries, as well as abstracts from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Society of Medical Oncology and other international tumor conferences). Two authors independently screened the studies, extracted the relevant data, and used RevMan 5.3 software and related evaluation tools for the statistical analysis and risk and quality evaluations, respectively. The primary outcomes of the study were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), which were estimated by calculating the hazard ratio (HR) and confidence interval (CI). The secondary outcomes were the objective response rate (ORR), and incidence of adverse events (AEs). Results: In total, seven studies, comprising 7,043 patients with advanced EAC/GEJC, were included in the meta-analysis. We compared the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, and chemotherapy alone. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy significantly improved the survival rate of the patients, significantly prolonging their OS (HR =0.80, 95% CI: 0.76-0.85, P<0.001; I Conclusions: Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy significantly improved the survival benefit of patients with advanced EAC/GEJC, better controlled disease progression, and had controllable AEs.
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