Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41522341›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of biological sciences2026

Virtual lab of artificial intelligence agents accelerating nanobody design against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Hakjin Kim, Taeho Kwon, Sun-Uk Kim, Seon-Kyu Kim

Abstract readEditorial
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of biological sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hakjin KimQuantum AI Bio Research Laboratory (KJQI-JQL), In Quantio, Gene on Biotech, Daejeon 35229, Republic of Korea.
Taeho KwonAdvanced Bioconvergence Department, Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
Sun-Uk KimAdvanced Bioconvergence Department, Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
Seon-Kyu KimAdvanced Bioconvergence Department, Department of Bioscience, KRIBB School, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven research frameworks are reshaping the boundaries of biomedical discovery. The Virtual Lab exemplifies this transformation, assembling large language model (LLM) agents into coordinated scientific teams functioning as investigators, specialists, and critics. The system autonomously designed, scored, and refined nanobody candidates against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, and subsequently validated them experimentally. These findings demonstrate how AI can move beyond prediction and retrieval to serve as an active collaborator in hypothesis generation, experimental design, and translational application. As technology continues to advance, the convergence of artificial intelligence and quantum computing is expected to give rise to a new era of Quantum AI enabled biomedical research. This integration will accelerate discovery speed, enhance precision, and foster interdisciplinary collaboration, opening unprecedented opportunities for data-driven innovation in the life sciences.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceSARS-CoV-2Single-Domain AntibodiesCOVID-19HumansLarge Language ModelsSingle-Domain Antibodiesartificial intelligencelarge language modelsnanobody designSARS-CoV-2 variantsvirtual lab

Identifiers

PMID41522341
PMCPMC12780944

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.